Kasimir Malevich has long been one of my favourite artists, ever since I saw
one of his great white-on-white paintings at Annely
Juda as a teenager. There’s a handful of paintings which seared themselves
into my consciousness the minute I saw them: this was one, along with a Van
Gogh in what was then Leningrad, and a Paul Klee in London.
If it was Annely Juda who first introduced me to Malevich, though, it was the
Guggenheim who really helped me to understand his importance: one of the first
big art books I ever bought was the exhibition
catalogue for the enormous show which the museum put on to mark its new
ambition after its grand bigger-and-better reopening in 1992. I loved reading
about Malevich, and got very much into the photography of Alexander Rodchenko
at the same time.
So I was very excited when I saw that the Guggenheim was putting on a whole
show dedicated to Malevich. The Guggenheim knows how to mount well put-together
exhibitions, and, considering its excellent
connections in Russia, there’s probably no institution in the world which
could mount a better exhibition dedicated to Malevich’s most important art.
I got to the Guggenheim, and it was still covered in blue astroturf. The Matthew
Barney show, which I blogged
back at the beginning of April, is staying up until June 11. And no matter how
much you like Barney, you could never accuse him of being quiet and meditative.
Malevich is relegated to a couple of rooms in the fourth floor of the annex,
which are reached directly from the Barneyfied rotunda. No standard gallery
hush here: blaring Barney video installations are never out of earshot. And
I can’t think of an artist who demands silence more than Malevich does.
For Malevich is not like the minimalists at Dia:Beacon, creating human-scale
works which work on a purely physical level: for all his revolutionary avant-garde
fervor, Malevich always remained something of an old-fashioned painter and artisan.
His paintings repay studious attention, rather than hooking you with a conceptualist
gimmick or bowling you over through their sheer scale.
What’s
more, many of the paintings are now historical artifacts more than they are
the artworks Malevich intended to create. The single most important piece here
– the Black Square of 1915, never before seen outside Russia
– is cracked and damaged like a dried-out desert floor, with all manner
of constituent colours visible amidst the decay. Malevich would be shocked at
its present condition, and would probably have to be forcibly prevented from
attacking it with a paint brush. So looking at this painting perforce involves
a re-imagining of what it originally looked like, something made much easier
by the presence nearby of the sibling Black Circle, which is in much
better shape. So I would definitely recommend you go see this show; just wait
until after the Barney has come down, so that it’s easier to keep your concentration.
What you’ll see when you get there is concentrated essence of Malevich: the
show begins in 1915, with the quartet of abstract black shapes on white backgrounds,
and ends in 1932, with the death of Suprematism. The four black and white paintings
at the beginning (Black Square, Black Cross, Black Circle,
and Elongated Plane) have not been seen together since 1920, which
means there’s probably no one alive who can remember seeing them all in the
same place. It’s a pity they’re not shown together, then: the square comes first,
with the other three arranged next to each other on a wall on the other side
of the narrow gallery.
They’re stunning, gorgeous paintings, well worth going to see, which lose a
huge amount in reproduction. The brush strokes are thick and impassioned, much
more like Jasper Johns’s encaustic than the affectless monochromes of someone
like Ad Reinhardt. This isn’t the less-is-more philosophy of the late 20th Century;
this is an attempt at a universal visual language, full of emotion and without
representation. It’s hard to see these paintings through pre-war eyes, but Malevich
was not trying to emphasise the picture plane, or achieve some kind of ideal
of "flatness". The geometric shapes were pure, for him, to be sure,
but not in a cold, mathematical way: his squares weren’t like Carl Andre’s floor
panels. Rather, the very universality of the forms was meant to allow the art
to speak to all viewers equally: think Rothko, not Ruscha.
Most of the rest of the exhibition fails to live up to the four early paintings:
as Malevich’s canvases became more cluttered and colourful, they also lost a
lot of their directness and power. There is one gorgeous red square, beautifully
framed in heavy black wood, but after that one has to wait until the white-on-white
paintings to really see what Malevich was capable of. In the meantime, there
are not only dozens of paintings which are almost Kandinsky-like in their complexity,
but also architectural models and even designs for tea sets (which, amazingly,
are not available at the Guggenheim Shop).
Overall, it would seem that Malevich is one of those artists who is not particularly
well served by a major exhibition. I’m very glad this show is on, and I’m sure
it serves all manner of crucial art-historical purposes. But really I think
a small, well-chosen exhibit at Annely Juda (especially in the beautiful, light-filled
surroundings of her top-floor space on Dering Street) would have packed a greater
punch than the Guggenheim’s attempt at comprehensiveness. Everything you need
to see here could really be encapsulated in a dozen small paintings: the rest
is really just distracting noise, if not as unsettling as the Matthew Barney
films banging away in the background.
All the same, I’ll be going back. I think all art shows should be seen twice:
the first time you walk around them dutifully, trying to see everything; the
second time you can pick and choose and concentrate on the stuff you love. I’ll
be heading straight for the black circle, the red square, and the white cross.
And in the background, Frank Lloyd Wright’s pristine white spiral will add to,
rather than detract from, the experience.